Plateformed building element comprising zigzag shaped lamellae

ABSTRACT

The present invention relates to a plateformed building element ( 1 ), intended for the construction of floor structures and/or walls and consists of wood or some other fibrous material with members ( 2 ) connecting inner and outer sides ( 5, 6 ) positioned at a mutual distance (A). Said connecting members are formed from plateformed lamellae ( 2 ), distributed essentially along the whole surface range of the intended building element. They extend incliningly and/or curved in zigzag patterns and are distributed along said building element ( 1 ) in pairs ( 2, 2 ) forming parallel channels ( 51 ) therein.

[0001] The present invention relates to a plateformed building elementfor the construction of floor structures and/or walls and consisting ofwood or other fibrous material with members connecting inner and outersides positioned at a mutual distance, the connecting members formedfrom plateformed crossbar-forming lamellae distributed essentially alongthe whole surface range of the building element, extending at aninclination and/or curved into zigzag patterns and distributed alongsaid formed building element and forming paired channels therein.

[0002] Plateformed building elements used in floor structures and wallsystems in buildings are manufactured manually at the building site orprefabricated in a factory. Thereby, pairs of plates are separated at amutual distance by crossbars.

[0003] Previously known building elements of said kind consist oflamellae, perpendicular to the surface layer of the building element,forming square or rectangular cells.

[0004] SE 3384704 and DE 1941368 disclose previously known buildingelements exhibiting stiffeners in the form of connections formed fromplateformed lamellae extending in folds or waves.

[0005] Building elements with trusses are also known wherein saidtrusses are formed from inclined plates or metal rods. For instance, FR2 793 827 A1 discloses trusses composed of angulated plates, but thisconcerns only a beam thus formed and not whole plateformed buildingelements. Furthermore, WO 99/18304, EP 0 282 424 A1 and U.S. 4,475,328 Adisclose trusses forming parallel spaced beams from zigzag-shapedspacing members. The construction of plateformed elements then takesplace manually with a multitude of such beams, which, apart from thefact that the building element acquires limited strength, also may betime-consuming and labor-intensive.

[0006] However, nothing of the previously mentioned and known disclosesthe occurrence of any plateformed building element comprising incliningand/or curved channel-forming lamellae attached to lateral crossbarsthrough nails or screws whereby the anchoring joints are formed fromU-shaped receptacles to which the crossbars can be joined.

[0007] Known embodiments comprise building elements formed from plateson opposite sides of inclined or curved channel-forming lamellae, andwhich lamellae and plates are joined together by gluing.

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is therefore among otherthings to achieve an improved building element of the initiallymentioned kind that allows reduction of the total cost for moreefficient manufacturing in a factory as well as better utilization ofthe supporting capacity of the material, furthermore giving the buildingelement a low tare weight.

[0009] Said purpose is achieved by way of a plateformed building elementcharacterized mainly in that the lamellae forming the crossbars areattached to strips or beams extending perpendicularly to the lamellaethrough nails and screws, that the anchoring joint is formed from pairsof U-shaped receptacles for beams arranged inclined or inclinable at anangle towards each other, and that the crossbar-forming lamellae arereceived with their longitudinal edges in grooves of the receptacles.

[0010] The invention is described below in the form of a number ofpreferred embodiments, whereby reference is made to the encloseddrawings, in which

[0011]FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a plateformed building elementaccording to the invention seen from above at an angle,

[0012]FIG. 1A-1C show different embodiments of joints of buildingelement parts,

[0013]FIG. 2 shows a second example of a building element,

[0014]FIG. 2A shows the internal joints of said second element,

[0015]FIG. 3 shows a third example of a building element,

[0016]FIG. 3A shows the internal joints of said third element,

[0017]FIG. 4 shows a fourth example of a building element,

[0018]FIG. 4A shows the internal joints of said fourth example,

[0019]FIG. 5 shows a fifth example of a building element,

[0020]FIG. 5A shows the internal joints of said fifth element,

[0021]FIG. 6 shows a sixth example of a building element according tothe invention,

[0022]FIG. 6A-6C show joints for said sixth building element,

[0023]FIG. 7 shows a cross section of a further example of the jointingof the building element, and

[0024]FIG. 8 shows an example of building with the elements.

[0025] The advantage in using beams rather than plates on at least oneside of the building element is that the building element is formedessentially only from the centrally situated lamellae arranged to extendat an angle with respect to each other and to be able, in connectedmode, to receive essentially the total load of said building element.

[0026] According to the present invention, connection of the buildingelement to lateral beams takes place through U-shaped angulatedanchoring joints comprising pairs of U-shaped receptacles for angulatedlamellae and for connection to angulated beams as shown, for example, inFIG. 6.

[0027] Also, the building element as defined in the new claim 1 cannotbe considered obvious to a person skilled in the art based on what hasbeen shown to be previously known through the two cited noveltyreferrals SE 384,708 and DE 1941368.

[0028] Thus, with support from what is mentioned above and in particularon account of the considerable defining performed in the claims, it ishereby requested that the present patent application is approved on thebasis of the new claims.

[0029] Advantages obtained through the invention include the following:

[0030] Main Idea of the Building System

[0031] The present wall and floor structure system has a technical leveland thereby the right economical qualities. Through new products withnew thinking, such as this building-frame intended to be supplemented byother working methods, wood will become more competitive and its valuewill be increased with great potential. According to calculation, thefloor structure system has load bearing capacity at rupture limitconditions and dynamic stiffness towards oscillations at usage limitconditions, in both cases a good measure of overcapacity.

[0032] Inclining the beams and joining them at the upper and lower edgesopens up great opportunity in the future for building structures ofwood. The system demonstrates the incredible strength of wood in aco-operating cellular system.

[0033] floor structures of this tare weight receive a stiffness and loadbearing capacity exceeding other floor structures

[0034] in this floor structure system the whole structure, from thelower to the upper edge, is utilized as load bearing properties

[0035] installations are easily performed along the upper and loweredges

[0036] sound does not easily penetrate the inclined beams

[0037] the same reasoning is valid for fire; if the floor structuresystem is well insulated the fire penetrates the beams only withdifficulty

[0038] the floor structure systems are highly cost-effective

[0039] the possibility to improve the capacity of the floor structuresystems increases by increasing the height of the zigzag pattern, whichdoes not appreciably increase the tare weight. It is also possible toplace crossbars closer together at the upper and lower edges, and to useplate material

[0040] the building elements are easily jointed in length and width

[0041] the building elements are to be manufactured in a width of 2.40 mand a length of 15 m as necessary. It may also be manufactured in otherlengths.

[0042] the floor structure system may be used as roofing elements inwhich dormers can be placed directly on the roofing element, therebyallowing the whole attic space to be used as a storey

[0043] the height of the floor structure system is smaller than otherfloor structure systems due to the construction

[0044] the floor structure system is easy to assemble

[0045] the wall element is assembled standing in the full height of thebuilding up to the crest without any reclining wood

[0046] the floor structure rests hanging against the bearing wall,anchored to the wall through work-holders

[0047] the building elements are easily insulated along the triangularchannels through profiled insulation mounted in falling lengths

[0048] insulation is easily applied also in-between the crossbeamsmounted perpendicularly to the triangular channels

[0049] the floor structure elements may be joined at the constructionsite in a fixture where the ceilings are mounted in an ergonomicfashion. The elements of the floor structure system are then hoistedinto place

[0050] The wall elements may also be assembled, in full length and lyingdown, at the site and then hoisted into place

[0051] the building system, in parts or as a whole, may also be used formany other structures such as columns, sound shielding fences, ceilingelements in hall-type structures, staircases, elevator shafts etc.

[0052] General Description of the Building Element and its Use:

[0053] The manufacturing of the building elements is to be performed asstandardized as possible, with a width of 1.20 m or 2.40 m, but thelength may be varied due to the manufacturing method. The buildingelements can also be spliced in their longitudinal direction.

[0054] The proposed building element for this purpose according to theinvention is characterized primarily in that the lamellae are mounted,for instance, at an inclined angle in the form of one or more sinecurves absorbing the tensile and compressive forces with a zero in thecenter of the building elements. Thereby, the forces will co-operatewith the outer shell in an efficient manner.

[0055] During construction of building elements, intended for floorstructures and/or framed walls from wood or other fibrous materials, thecore of the floor structure element or wall element is designed as atrigonometric shape so that the load bearing capacity increasesexceptionally in co-operation with the design of the outer shell. Theforces co-operate in the way of a sine curve. This is kept togetherthrough crossbars, boards or plate material, perpendicularly along theupper and lower edges. At the breaking points, the material is fixedtogether. It forms long triangular-shaped channels along the crossbarsor beams along the lower as well as the upper edges.

[0056] These walls and floor structures are intended to be manufacturedas elements in a factory in order to keep the manufacturing costs down.Setting up manufacturing lines involves high initial expenditures, butholds much in store for the future since the manufacturing costs can bekept low.

[0057] The characteristics of the wall and floor structure fulfill manydemands. The strength of the elements in all directions is unique. Agood tightness is obtained due to the connection of the crossbars andbeams. There will be no thermal bridges, and the fireproofing is alsogood due to the tightness. Namely, a large amount of material has to beburning before the fire penetrates. Soundproofing is good since soundvibrations dissipate against the inclined surfaces.

[0058] In Floor Structures and Wall Systems

[0059] Instead of placing crossbars of the walls perpendicularly againstthe outer and inner faces of ground beams and ridge beams, the crossbarsare now inclined or curving towards each other with connection in theshort sides of the crossbars against the outer and inner edges of thewall. In this way a zigzag pattern is achieved in the wall system,endowing the wall with many good qualities such as the load bearingcapacity, soundproofness, fireproofness, tightness, and very goodstability in all directions.

[0060] The same applies for floor structures. Here, the beams (girder)are positioned inclining towards each other but are connected to eachother at the upper end of the beams. This applies also for the lowerends. The connection can be through specially designed metal shoes.Plates, crossbars or boards functioning to keep the building elementtogether may also be used.

[0061] The present invention relates to a cellularly dividedtrigonometric building element in which the cells are kept togetheralong the upper and lower edges through plate material or similar.

[0062] More specifically, the invention concerns such a building elementof the kind comprising a multitude of cells of similar appearance, nextto and mounted towards each other through gluing or similar.

[0063] The inclined lamellae form a number of identical cells in thebuilding element A large number of different cellular systems exist,wherein their appearance depends upon the design of the lamellae Thepattern of the various cells form longitudinal channels in thelongitudinal direction of the building element. Each of the differentcellular systems has different properties, but it is the most costefficient cellular system in relation to the most desirable propertiesthat will decide the manufacturing system, which is to be asindustrialized as possible. The material in the upper and lower edges ofthe building element may be different, for example, plate material,boards or crossbars made of wood or other fibrous material mounted withglue or in similar ways. Drawing irons may also be used at the loweredge of the elements in order to increase the load bearing capacity ofthe building elements. These drawing irons may be used to pull thebuilding elements together into large continuous floor structures duringassembly at the construction site

[0064] Prefabricated building element of said kind are utilized aboveall as load-bearing floor structures and roof elements in the buildingof one-family houses, apartment buildings, economy buildings, andindustrial premises etc. They can, however, also be utilized for otherpurposes, for instance, as bearing wall elements.

FURTHER SPECIFIED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0065] The invention is further described below with reference to theenclosed drawings, in which

[0066]FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a plateformed cell-shapedbuilding element 1 according to a first exemplifying embodiment of theinvention with triangularly inclined lamellae 2 connected for mountingalong the upper edge 3 and the lower edge 4. On the upper face 3 of thebuilding elements 1, materials of different kind are used, such as boardplates 5, cross bars or iron struts. At the lower face 4 of the shownbuilding element 1, tie-rods 6 or crossbars are mounted.

[0067]FIG. 1A-1C show enlarged end views describing the design of thelamellae during their mounting. All lamellae 2 are identical elementsalso during mounting between the elements and the design can be greatlyvaried. The objective is to attain a joint area as large as possible.Therefore, a number of varieties are chosen to be shown: 1A shows adented embodiment, 1B shows a groove and tongue embodiment, and 1C showsa round stave embodiment. All embodiments are mounted with glue, screws,nails or similar.

[0068]FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a plateformed cell formingbuilding element 101 according to an exemplifying embodiment of theinvention with triangularly inclined lamellae 102 joined together formounting at the upper 103 and lower 104 edges. The lamellae 102 arebuilt from triangular crossbars 107, 108 with milled grooves 109 formounting of inclined plateformed lamellae 102 between the triangularcrossbars according to FIG. 2. The upper face of the building elementmay consist of plate material 105, boards, crossbars or iron struts 106.The same applies to the lower face 104.

[0069]FIG. 2A shows an enlargement of two plateformed building elements101 during lateral assembly. The building elements are not completelyjoined in order to show that the tongue (the guide bar) 111 is mountedin a longitudinal groove 110 in a divided triangular crossbar 108 ineach building element 101. The procedure forms a triangular crossbar ofequal size when joining the building elements 101. The building element101 is constructed from triangular lamellae 107, grooved 109 formounting of inclined plateformed lamellae 102. Between the crossbars atthe outer edges of the building element 101, the triangular crossbars108 are provided with an extra groove 110 in order to receive anelongated tongue 111 during assembly of the building elements 101.

[0070]FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of another building element 201according to an exemplifying embodiment of the invention. The embodimentis based upon a plate shaped to form a wave-shaped sine curve, and cellsare thereby connected through an outer layer on the upper and lowerfaces of the building element. The upper face of the building elementmay be constructed from plate material 205, boards, crossbars or ironstruts 206. The same applies to the lower face 204.

[0071]FIG. 3A shows a small part of the enlargement of two buildingelements 201 during connection. They are not completely joined in orderto demonstrate that the tongue (the guide bar) 211 is mounted in a guidegroove 209 and holding the elements 201, 201 together.

[0072]FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of a cell-shaped building element301 according to an exemplifying embodiment of the invention with ageometrical construction forming a cellular system with lamellae. Saidbuilding element forms two wave-shaped sine curves that absorbcompressive and tensile forces in the whole cellular system. Theinclined cells 302, forming a regular octahedron, are efficient in thisembodiment. Plate material 305, 306, boards, crossbars or iron strutsare mounted in the upper and lower parts of the building element.

[0073]FIG. 4A shows an enlargement of two building elements duringconnection. The building elements are not completely joined in order todemonstrate that the tongue (guide bar) function is mounted in groovesin the lower and upper parts of the building element.

[0074]FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of a cell-shaped building element401 according to an exemplifying embodiment of the invention with ageometrical construction forming a cellular system with circularlamellae. Said building element forms two wave-shaped sine curves thatabsorb compressive and tensile forces in the whole cellular system. Theinclined arced lamellae 402, together with the surface layer 405; 406,form a strong building element that absorbs great loads. Plate material,boards, crossbars or iron struts are mounted in the upper and lowerparts of the building element.

[0075]FIG. 5A shows an enlargement of two building elements duringconnection. The building elements are not completely joined in order todemonstrate that the tongue (guide bar) is mounted in grooves in thelower and upper parts of the building element. Insulation material I canbe received in cavities 450 in said building element 401 as well asinside the cells 451.

[0076]FIG. 6 shows examples of a floor structure element 501 constructedfrom a multitude of elongated inclined plate-shaped lamellae 502.Attached perpendicular floor girders 505 and roof girders 506,respectively, are received above and below said lamellae 502. At thebottom of the floor structure, attachment can take place through tierods (not shown) in order to absorb greater load.

[0077] Attachment of the floor girders 505 and the roof girders 506 maytake place through attachment members 512, 513 in the form of U-shapedassembling irons and angularly perpendicular anchor plates.

[0078] Further Specified Description of the Invention:

[0079] Thus, more specifically, the invention relates to a plateformedbuilding element 1; 101, 201, 301, 401, 501, 601, intended for theconstruction of floor structures and/or walls. It consists of wood orother fibrous material with members 2; 102; 202; 302; 402; 502connecting two inner and outer faces 5; 105; 205; 305; 405; 505, and 6;106; 206; 306; 406; 506, respectively, positioned at a mutual distance Afrom each other.

[0080] The connecting members are formed from plate-shaped lamellaedistributed essentially along the whole surface range of the buildingelement, extending inclined and/or curved in zigzag patterns anddistributed along said formed building element forming pairs of parallelchannels 51; 151; 251; 351; 451; 551.

[0081] Said connecting members are attached to each other towards theinner face of the respective paired faces of the building element, whichare preferably plateformed. Connections between the lamellae 2; 102;202; 302; 402; 502 may be formed from interacting recesses 55, 56 and/orfrom ledge-shaped rods 57, 58 arranged to be received in groove-shapednotches 59, 60; 61, 62 in said crossbar-forming lamellae 2 as shown inFIG. 1A-1C.

[0082] Said regularly arranged lamellae 2; 102; 302; 402; 502 areattached to each other as well as to said paired surface plates. In theembodiment according to FIG. 2, the crossbar-forming lamellae 102 arereceived with their facing edges in grooves 109 at ledge-shapedconnectors 107, 108. In the shown preferred embodiment, said connectorshave a triangular cross section, and are attached through glue joints,screw or nail joints to adjacent connecting plates etc 105; 106. Forexample, said grooves 109 are arranged to extend in pairsperpendicularly with respect to each other.

[0083] The building element 201 shown in FIG. 3 exhibits connectivemembers 202 forming a wave-shaped longitudinal partition in the formedbuilding element 201.

[0084] According to embodiments shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the connectivemembers 302; 402, arranged at the thereby formed building elements 301;401, are groove-shaped when viewed along the surface extension of thebuilding element and extend in parallel with respect to each other, Inthe attached mode, they form channels 351; 451 with a round ormultihedral cross section.

[0085] The crossbar-forming lamellae are attached to the strips and/orbeams that extend perpendicularly to said lamellae using glue, nails, orscrews.

[0086]FIG. 6-6C show how such nail joints 512 are formed from pairedU-shaped receptacles 512A, 512B for beams 505, 506 arranged positionedor adjustable at an angle with respect to each other through theirreceiving parts 512A, 512B. A swivel joint 513 in the shape of a bolt513A and nut 513B may be arranged to join the two mutually adjustablebeam receiving parts 512A, 512B. By turning one receiving part 512A, itis adjusted in height and angle with respect to the other connectingreceiving part 512B.

[0087] When the floor structure elements 602, 602 are assembled into awhole building element 601 such as floor structures and roof elements,it is possible to reinforce the element by strapping wires or strip iron675 to the underlying wooden beams 606 with work-holders perpendicularto the inclined lamellae 602, 602 where the irons tensile force isutilized in the tensile moment of the building element. In order toprevent structure-borne sound, known and appropriate soundproofingmaterial is mounted inside the inclined lamellae, preferably atadjoining ends at the respective U-shaped receptacles forming angulatedfittings or attachment joints 612. Said receptacles are preferablyattached through a bolt 677, screwed into fastened, internally threadedlateral attachment sleeves 678. In FIG. 7, the number 679 denotes theattachment part for the bolt 677 that can be received by a sleeve 680,extending through the same, and may consist of hard or elastic material.

[0088] Naturally, the invention is not limited to the embodimentsdescribed above and shown in the enclosed drawings. Modifications arepossible, in particular concerning the character of the different partsor by the use of equivalent techniques, without deviating from the scopeof protection of the invention such as defined in the claims.

1. Plateformed building element for the construction of floor structureand/or walls, and comprising wood or other fibrous material with membersconnecting inner and outer sides positioned at a mutual distance, theconnecting members being formed from plateformed crossbar-forminglamellae distributed essentially along the whole surface range of theintended building element, extending at an inclination and/or curving ina zigzag pattern and distributed along said formed building element andforming pairs of parallel channels therein, the crossbar-forminglamellae are attached through nails or screws to strips and/or beamsextending perpendicularly to said lamellae, that the attachment joint isformed from pairs of U-shaped receiving parts for beamsarranged-positioned or adjustable at an angle with respect to eachother, and that the crossbar-forming lamellae are received with theirlongitudinal edges in grooves in the receiving parts.
 2. The plateformedbuilding element according to claim 1, wherein the connecting membersare attached to one another towards the inner faces of the respectivepaired, plateformed surfaces of the building element.
 3. The plateformedbuilding element according to claim 2, further comprising joints formedfrom recesses and/or from ledge-shaped rods arranged to be received ingroove-shaped notches in said crossbar-forming lamellae.
 4. Theplateformed building element according to claim 2, wherein thecrossbar-forming lamellae are connected to each other as well as to thesurface plates.
 5. The plateformed building element according to claim1, that further comprising connectors said connectors exhibit triangularshape and with grooves extending perpendicularly with respect to eachother.
 6. The plateformed building element according to claim 1, whereinthe connecting members are formed from a wave-shaped partition in theformed building element.
 7. The plateformed building element accordingto claim 1, wherein the connecting members are groove-shaped when viewedalong the surface plane of the building element, and that the connectingmembers form circular or polyhedral channels in the attached mode. 8.The plateformed building element according to claim 3, wherein thecrossbar-forming lamellae are connected to each other as well as to thesurface plates.
 9. The plateformed building element according to claim2, wherein the connecting members are formed from a wave-shapedpartition in the formed building element.
 10. The plateformed buildingelement according to claim 3, wherein the connecting members are formedfrom a wave-shaped partition in the formed building element.
 11. Theplateformed building element according to claim 4, wherein theconnecting members are formed from a wave-shaped partition in the formedbuilding element.
 12. The plateformed building element according toclaim 5, wherein the connecting members are formed from a wave-shapedpartition in the formed building element.
 13. The plateformed buildingelement according to claim 8, wherein the connecting members are formedfrom a wave-shaped partition in the formed building element.
 14. Theplateformed building element according to claim 2, wherein theconnecting members are groove-shaped when viewed along the surface planeof the building element, and that the connecting members form circularor polyhedral channels in the attached mode.
 15. The plateformedbuilding element according to claim 3, wherein the connecting membersare groove-shaped when viewed along the surface plane of the buildingelement, and that the connecting members form circular or polyhedralchannels in the attached mode.
 16. The plateformed building elementaccording to claim 4, wherein the connecting members are grove-shapedwhen viewed along the surface plane of the building element, and thatthe connecting members form circular or polyhedral channels in theattached mode.
 17. The plateformed building element according to claim5, wherein the connecting members are grove-shaped when viewed along thesurface plane of the building element, and that the connecting membersform circular or polyhedral channels in the attached mode.
 18. Theplateformed building element according to claim 8, wherein theconnecting members are grove-shaped when viewed along the surface planeof the building element, and that the connecting members form circularor polyhedral channels in the attached mode.